Functional Functions

These functions allow you to apply operations in a declarative and functional way on data collections, such as lists or tuples. They are especially useful when you need to apply a function to many elements (map), filter according to conditions (filter), combine data (zip), or generate numeric sequences (range). Their use favors a cleaner, more compact, and expressive programming style.

Function	Description
map()	Applies a function to each element of an iterable and returns a new iterable.
filter()	Filters the elements of an iterable according to a given condition.
zip()	Joins several iterables into ordered pairs, such as tuples.
range()	Generates a sequence of numbers, generally used in loops.
all()	Returns True if all elements of an iterable are true.
any()	Returns True if at least one element is true.

Below I will explain in more detail how these functions work:

`map()`

Typical use: Apply a function to each element of an iterable and return a new iterable.

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
squared = map(lambda x: x ** 2, numbers)
print(list(squared))

Output:

[1, 4, 9, 16]

`filter()`

Typical use: Filter the elements of an iterable that meet a condition.

numbers = [10, 15, 20, 25]
greater_than_15 = filter(lambda x: x > 15, numbers)
print(list(greater_than_15))

Output:

[20, 25]

`zip()`

Typical use: Combine multiple iterables into ordered pairs (tuples).

names = ['Ana', 'Luis', 'Sofía']
ages = [28, 34, 25]
pairs = zip(names, ages)
print(list(pairs))

Output:

[('Ana', 28), ('Luis', 34), ('Sofía', 25)]

`range()`

Typical use: Generate a numeric sequence, commonly used in loops.

for number in range(0, 10, 2):  # From 0 to 8 in steps of 2
  print(number, end='')

Output:

`all()`

Typical use: Check if all elements of an iterable are true.

values = [True, 1, 5 > 2]
print(all(values))

Output:

True

`any()`

Typical use: Check if at least one of the elements of an iterable is true.

values = [0, '', None, 7]
print(any(values))

Output:

True